Question 1

How to choose agitation type and speed?

Accepted Answer

One-line conclusion: daily chemical work uses a low-speed, high-circulation combined impel…

Question 2

How to arrange heating and cooling?

Accepted Answer

One-line conclusion: the temperature control difficulty lies in two stages, dissolving on …

Question 3

How to set volume and fill coefficient?

Accepted Answer

One-line conclusion: take nominal volume as batch size times 1.2 to 1.3, and on foam-prone…

Question 4

How are droplets broken?

Accepted Answer

One sentence conclusion: Droplet fragmentation relies on the inertial force of turbulent v…

Question 5

How do you judge the transport limit?

Accepted Answer

One-line answer: once the diameter exceeds about 3.2 m, the length exceeds 13 m or the wei…

Question 6

How to choose the material: 304 or 316L?

Accepted Answer

One-line answer: 304 is acceptable for ambient, low-salt blending; for soy sauce and vineg…

Question 7

How to choose the agitator type?

Accepted Answer

One-line answer: propeller or paddle for low-viscosity blending, frame or anchor for mediu…

Question 8

How to calculate volume and batch size?

Accepted Answer

One-line answer: work back from the batch output to the effective volume using a filling f…

Question 9

What should be checked at acceptance?

Accepted Answer

One-line answer: acceptance covers three things - material certificates and roughness meas…

Question 10

What maintenance has to be done?

Accepted Answer

One-line answer: maintenance concentrates on three lines - sealing, vacuum and drive. Do a…

Question 11

How to Select the Heating Structure of a Half-Coil Reactor? Configuration Points of Steam, Thermal Oil and Half-Pipe Coil

Accepted Answer

Should the half-coil reactor in pharmaceutical fine chemical plants use steam or thermal oil heating? This article gives the selection method for half-pipe coil, jacket and heating medium by temperature control accuracy, heating demand and safety.

Question 12

How is the selection list finalized?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: when finalizing the selection list, write out seven parameters at…

Question 13

Why does a concentrator suddenly bump?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: bumping is the phenomenon where superheated liquid suddenly vapor…

Question 14

How does vacuum control avoid bumping?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: pull vacuum in stages and slowly, break vacuum even more slowly, …

Question 15

Which Formula Calculates the Area?

Accepted Answer

Bottom line: area A = heat duty Q ÷ (coefficient K × log mean temperature difference ΔTm);…

Question 16

What to Do When Fouling Decays the Area?

Accepted Answer

Bottom line: designing to the long-term coefficient, reserving cleaning connections and ma…

Question 17

How to Verify at Acceptance?

Accepted Answer

Bottom line: three checks at factory acceptance - measured area matches the drawing, hydro…

Question 18

What Is Critical Suspension Speed?

Accepted Answer

Bottom line: the critical suspension speed (Njs) is the lowest speed at which all particle…

Question 19

How to Configure the Impeller?

Accepted Answer

Bottom line: for low viscosity use axial-flow impellers with baffles; for medium-high visc…

Question 20

How to Judge Suspension in Production?

Accepted Answer

Bottom line: cross-check with bottom observation, sample comparison and current change; do…

Question 21

How to Build the Selection Checklist?

Accepted Answer

Bottom line: four steps by medium temperature, storage mode, climate and heat-supply condi…

Question 22

How to Configure Tank Accessories?

Accepted Answer

Bottom line: configure accessories by medium: volatile media get a breather valve and flam…

Question 23

How to Set the Homogenizing Tip Speed?

Accepted Answer

Bottom line: homogenizing tip speed is generally 10–25 m/s, taking the lower bound for low…

Question 24

How to Build the Selection Checklist?

Accepted Answer

Bottom line: four steps by formulation viscosity, batch size, particle-size requirement an…

Question 25

How Do TCM, Juice and Syrup Duty Differ?

Accepted Answer

Bottom line: strongly foaming feeds get wire mesh demisters plus a larger evaporator chamb…

Question 26

How to Accept and Clean a Demister?

Accepted Answer

Bottom line: check mesh material and count on arrival, watch differential pressure in oper…

Question 27

How Are Seal Materials Determined?

Accepted Answer

Bottom line: the friction pair is generally silicon carbide against silicon carbide or sil…

Question 28

How Is the Flushing Plan Configured?

Accepted Answer

Bottom line: flushing cools the faces, carries away particles and maintains seal-chamber p…

Question 29

How Is the Circulation Pump Selected?

Accepted Answer

Bottom line: the circulation pump is selected by circulation rate and head; the circulatio…

Question 30

What Are the Maintenance Points?

Accepted Answer

Bottom line: maintenance focuses on three places: the circulation-pump mechanical seal and…

Question 31

How Is Static Grounding Done?

Accepted Answer

Bottom line: the vessel, agitator shaft, piping and flanges are bonded section by section …

Question 32

How Do You Choose the Material of a Stainless Steel Reactor? 304, 316L and Clad Plate by Media Corrosiveness

Accepted Answer

Reactor material directly decides corrosion life and cost. This article explains how to choose 304, 316L, carbon steel lining and clad plate by media corrosiveness, so you can spend the material budget where it counts.

Question 33

How Do You Improve the Emulsification Fineness of an Emulsifying Tank? Matching the Homogenizing Head, Speed and Temperature

Accepted Answer

When emulsification fineness misses the target, it is usually because the homogenizing head, speed and temperature are not matched. This article explains how to set these parameters for typical cosmetic and ointment duties, so you can pass fineness the first time.

Question 34

How do you set up a wear log?

Accepted Answer

Bottom line first: record the replacement date, measured diameter, fineness baseline and d…

Question 35

How to match the paddle type?

Accepted Answer

One sentence conclusion: For low viscosity, use propeller or blade impellers, while for me…

Question 36

How to estimate power and speed?

Accepted Answer

One sentence conclusion: Low viscosity mixing has low power demand, and industry experienc…

Question 37

How to match sealing and discharging?

Accepted Answer

One sentence conclusion: Systems containing ammonia and alkali are prone to crystallizatio…

Question 38

How to organize factory acceptance?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: first verify drawings and welding procedure documents, then accep…

Question 39

How to configure heating and vacuum?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: heating generally uses steam or hot water; vacuum is calculated b…

Question 40

How to select a stainless steel reactor for the resin industry? Configuration essentials for esterification, polycondensation and polymerization conditions

Accepted Answer

What should reactor selection for the resin industry look at? This article explains the configuration essentials of material, heating and cooling, agitation and vacuum condensation by esterification, polycondensation and polymerization conditions.

Question 41

How to measure the level of a stainless steel storage tank? Radar, magnetic flap gauge and weighing module selected by medium and cleanliness

Accepted Answer

What if an inaccurate level reading of a stainless steel storage tank causes overflow, dry running or batching errors? This article explains the applicable conditions and selection essentials of radar, magnetic flap gauge and weighing module.

Question 42

What does the no-load test run check?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: the no-load test run checks the drive chain — motor rotation dire…

Question 43

What does the load trial run check?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: the load trial run runs with water or medium according to the act…

Question 44

How to do the leak check?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: the leak check has three methods — hydrostatic test, pneumatic te…

Question 45

How to verify the motor and reducer?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: five items are verified for the motor and reducer — power, speed,…

Question 46

What problems does feed impact cause?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: feed impact causes fatigue of the bottom welds, foam and air entr…

Question 47

How to select a distributor?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: distributor selection depends on five figures — feed flow, pipe v…

Question 48

How to arrange the inlet nozzle?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: the inlet should preferably be arranged on the tank top or the up…

Question 49

Why does the reactor agitator shaft vibrate? Critical speed, deflection and vibration control essentials

Accepted Answer

What if the long agitator shaft of a reactor shakes and the mechanical seal leaks? This article explains critical speed, deflection check and vibration control essentials to help you judge whether the shaft system is safe.

Question 50

How does CIP online cleaning work?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: CIP circulates cleaning liquid inside the tank through spray, in …

Question 51

When is manual cleaning still necessary?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: high-viscosity, heavily scaling or high-solids materials need per…

Question 52

How to clean evaporator heating tubes?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: heating tubes are the focus of scaling; CIP circulation plus peri…

Question 53

How to verify cleaning results?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: verify by conductivity, pH and visual inspection after cleaning; …

Question 54

Quick-open or bolted manhole?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: choose quick-open for frequent opening, with clamp or eccentric l…

Question 55

How to configure baffles in a mixing tank? Anti-vortexing and mixing enhancement essentials

Accepted Answer

Material vortexes and poor mixing in your mixing tank? This article explains baffle function, quantity, width and installation, helping you configure baffles for your process.

Question 56

Why does mixing time matter?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: mixing time directly decides batch uniformity and production cade…

Question 57

What factors affect mixing time?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: the main factors are impeller type and size, speed (Reynolds numb…

Question 58

How should mixing time be estimated?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: engineering practice uses the dimensionless mixing-time correlati…

Question 59

Which methods measure particle size?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: the scraper gauge is quick and intuitive for shop-floor checks; l…

Question 60

How should sampling be done correctly?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: sample immediately after emulsification from the middle of the ta…

Question 61

How does falling-film evaporation work in a concentrator? Film structure and suitability for heat-sensitive materials

Accepted Answer

How does falling-film evaporation work in a concentrator? This article explains film structure, liquid-film distribution and vacuum matching, helping you decide whether falling-film suits heat-sensitive materials.

Question 62

How do the three valve types compare?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: the butterfly valve has a large port and low pressure drop and su…

Question 63

How to select for clean and CIP service?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics clean service, prefer a va…

Question 64

What are the common selection mistakes?

Accepted Answer

One-sentence conclusion: four common mistakes — port chosen by habit instead of flow, a bu…

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9	How to Select a Stainless Steel Storage Tank by Medium? Tank Type and Accessories for Corrosive, Flammable and Food-Grade Media Storage Tanks	The most common mistake in…	How to select a stainless …	10/10/2026	Read More →
10	How to Select Stainless Steel Storage Tanks for Food and Pharmaceutical Plants? CIP Cleaning and Cleanliness Requirements Decide Tank Type Storage Tanks	In food, beverage and phar…	How to select stainless st…	10/9/2026	Read More →
11	How to Select a Stainless Steel Storage Tank? Vertical, Horizontal and Insulated Tanks by Working Condition Storage Tanks	How to select a stainless …	Stainless steel storage ta…	10/8/2026	Read More →
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